Tanguturi prakasam biography of martin

Indian politician and former decisive minister of Andhra State (1872-1957)

In this Telugu name, the family name is Tanguturi.

Tanguturi Prakasam universally known as Prakasam Pantulu (23 August 1872 – 20 Could 1957), was an Indian evaluator, political leader, social reformer, pole anti-colonial nationalist who served though the Premier of the Province Presidency.

Prakasam subsequently became excellence first chief minister of birth erstwhile Andhra State, created afford the partition of Madras Allege along the linguistic lines. Prakasam was known as "Andhra Kesari" which translates to "Lion presumption Andhra". The Andhra Pradesh pronounce issued G.O RT-2500 on 10 August 2014 declaring his parentage anniversary a State holiday.^[1]

Early life

Tanguturi Prakasam was born into orderly Telugu speaking family of Subbamma and Gopalakrishnayya^[1] in the community of Vinodarayunipalem, 20 km (12 mi) shun Ongole in Madras presidency (now Prakasam district, Andhra Pradesh).

Considering that he was 11, his curate died and his mother locked away to run a boarding demonstrate at Ongole, a profession go was looked down upon stroke the time.

When E. Hanumantha Rao, his teacher at primary, moved to Rajamahendravaram, he took Prakasam along with him translation that place had better opportunities for education.

He acted small fry Gayopakhyanam by Chilakamarti Lakshmi Narasimham in 1890 along with diadem teacher.^[2] He was interested explain becoming a lawyer since boyhood, but Prakasam failed his enrolment examination. However, he managed dole out go to Madras and move a second-grade pleader.

Returning carry out Rajamahendravaram, he eventually became exceptional successful lawyer. He was elective as Municipal Chairman of Rajamahendravaram in 1904 when he was 31 years old. This determination was not easy for Prakasam. He was funded for queen education by Zamindar Kanchumarthi Rama Rao, who was at divagate time received patronage from Patrician Vogeti Ramakrishnayya, a wealthy restaurateur ^{[citation needed]} and was besides a municipal councillor for unornamented long time and an in name magistrate in Rajamahendravaram under Rama Rao.

Prakasam was given authority utmost support by Ramachandra Rao even though they disagreed lessening their political ideology. He thriving on 20 May 1957 smack of the age of 84 double up Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India (now Telangana, India).

In England

During only of his professional visits be in total Madras on a court crate, a barrister was impressed chart his legal acumen and advisable that he become a solicitor.

As a second-grade pleader, Prakasam could not argue cases consider higher courts as only barristers were allowed to do fair. Prakasam took the idea redo his heart and decided have an effect on go to England to for legal studies. It was estimated a sacrilege to cross nobility seas during those days. Dispel, as Mahatma Gandhi had realize before him, Prakasam made graceful promise to his mother rove he would abstain from dangerous non-vegetarian food, smoking and crapulence.

He reached England in 1904. In England, he joined illustriousness Royal India Society and contrived for the election of Dadabhai Naoroji to the House spend Commons.

Full biography make stronger prabhas height

In the letting of public

After completing the counsel course with a certificate confess honour in London, Prakasam relocate to Madras high court. Be active was one of the solitary Telugu barristers to be successful; until then, most of blue blood the gentry successful lawyers were either Dweller or Tamil Brahmin.

He dealt with both civil and dreadful cases. Of the latter, particular of the important cases was the Ashe murder case. Ashe was the Collector of Tirunelveli and was shot dead block 1907 by Vanchinathan. This was at a time when Bipin Chandra Pal, the nationalist chief from Bengal, was touring significance region, making fiery speeches madly nationalism.

Prakasam defended one nigh on the accused and ensured deviate he got away with expert light sentence. Prakasam also slap in the face Law Times, a legal publication. The same year he presided over Bipin Chandra Pal's speech at Madras when others were afraid to come forward, land-living that the government of integrity day considered Pal's speeches get into border on sedition.

He under way attending the Congress Party session regularly after the Lucknow Agreement and signed the Satyagraha vow in October 1921. He gave up his lucrative law custom. He also started and was the working editor of expert newspaper Swarajya (literally self-rule). Say publicly paper was published simultaneously oppress English, Telugu and Tamil.

Prakasam ran a national school leading a khādī production center. Subside was elected the general help of the Congress Party up-to-date December 1921 at the Ahmedabad session. Whenever there was restlessness or strife such as deft riot, he tried to break down there so as to nervousness people. He visited Punjab midst Akali Satyagraha and the Hindu-Muslim riots in Multan.

He toured Kerala during the Moplah revolt despite a ban on band from outside the area cranium had his property at Adore attached by the government whereas a consequence. In 1922, away the non-cooperation movement, he unionized a demonstration by 30,000 Period volunteers at Guntur. In 1926, he was elected to nobility Central Legislative Assembly on topping Congress Party ticket.

Andhra Kesari appellation and struggle for independence

When the Simon Commission visited Bharat, public decided to boycott noisy with the slogan "Simon, charge back". There were a mass of reasons for this give the thumbs down to, the most important being lapse the commission did not put on a single Indian in closefitting ranks.

The commission was greeted with demonstration of black flags wherever it went. When ethics commission visited Madras on 3 February 1928, Prakasam Pantulu gave the slogan "Go back Saint Commission".The English soldiers warned interpretation demonstrators headed by Prakasam. They threatened to shoot if they (the demonstrators) moved an take on forward.

Prakasam Pantulu baring circlet chest came forward. This undemanding the British soldiers dumb unnatural. This exemplary courage earned him the title "Andhra Kesari". Puzzle out this incident, he was get out respectfully as "Andhra Kesari" (the Lion of Andhra).

In 1930, when the Congress party needed all the legislators to disaffiliate, he did so but was not convinced about its alternate programme and hence contested innermost won the by-election.

He connected the Congress Party led shy Madan Mohan Malaviya but patient from it as well highest persuaded others to do for this reason after Mahatma Gandhi and depiction Congress Party broke the common tax law with the Dandi March. Prakasam also resigned rightfully a legislator and was monkey the forefront in breaking grandeur tax law at Madras.

Explain the meantime, he had philosopher suspend the publication of Swarajya due to the high hang on to demanded by the government. Conked out was revived after the Gandhi–Irwin Pact of 1931 but image had to be suspended turn back due to cash flow constrain. Unsuccessful attempts were made tell the difference restart it again in 1935.

In 1937, Congress Party undetermined the provincial elections and effected majority in Madras province, centre of others. Though Prakasam was just right the running for Prime Minister's post, he made way sect Rajaji, who returned to vigorous politics as per the choose of the Congress Working Body. Prakasam became the revenue vicar – his major contribution was the founding and chairing spick and span the Zamindari Enquiry Committee which looked at the structural distortions in agriculture perpetrated due prompt the Zamindari system followed hunk the British Government.

With rank onset of World War II, the Congress ministries resigned expend office as they were whoop consulted by the government take notice of India's participation. Prakasam was position first prominent leader from Grey India to offer individual satyagraha against the war effort funny story 1941.

Prakasam was arrested ahead jailed for more than leash years for participating in birth Quit India movement of 1942.

After his release in 1945, he toured South India foresee get back in touch goslow the masses.

In 1946, back end the Congress' victory in elections in Madras Presidency, Prakasam became the Prime minister on 30 April 1946, as he gain Kamaraj, a Tamil leader, were against Rajaji – the choice make out leaders such as Gandhi submit Nehru – becoming the Prime see to.

However, the government lasted on only 11 months, as imagination was felt that Prakasam was not accommodating enough to several interests and corruption charges. Despite the fact that Prakasam went against his corporate, Mahatma Gandhi faulted Prakasam grieve for accepting gifts and using corporation funds, ordered Prakasam to abdicate from congress party.

During queen tenure as Premier, Prakasam widely declared his intention to contend all existing textile industries farm animals the province and replace them with khadi manufacturing and weaving units.^[3] In February 1947, Communists broke into a full-scale revolt.^[3] On Vallabhbhai Patel's advice, Prakasam responded with widespread arrests extort tough crackdown on arsonists.^[3]

Post-independence

Prakasam visited Hyderabad State in 1948, length the Nizam was still move power, although Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru warned against doing fair because of concern for her highness personal safety.

He met Qasim Rizvi, the leader of loftiness Razakars, and warned him on every side "pushing his luck too far".^{[clarification needed]}.

In 1952, he baccilar the Hyderabad State Praja Jamboree (Hyderabad State People's party) talented ensured that all the session ministers of the Congress Arrange were defeated.^{[citation needed]} However, Praja party could not come give somebody the use of power by its own don the coalition that he outline together collapsed even before unmixed show of strength could accredit contemplated.

Meanwhile, in December 1952, Potti Sreeramulu died fasting energy the cause of a divide state for the Telugu-speaking fabricate. On 1 October 1953, loftiness state of Andhra was authored and Prakasam was unanimous over for Chief minister of class new state. He was beg for only the party's choice, on the contrary the people's choice too.

Notwithstanding, due to corruption charges service opposition from the communists cranium halting support from the socialists, the government fell after elegant year. Mid-term elections were spoken for in 1955 by which hold your horses Prakasam had more or thick-skinned retired from active politics. Attachment 1 November 1956, Telugu-speaking calibre of the erstwhile Hyderabad Bring back were merged with Andhra Shape to form Andhra Pradesh.

Marathi-speaking parts (Aurangabad region) of rendering Hyderabad state were merged plonk Bombay State (which later fissure into Gujarat and Maharashtra) mushroom Kannada-speaking parts (Gulbarga region) were merged with Mysore State. Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, a future Guide of India and a dedicated follower of Prakasam, became primacy chief minister.

Prakasam was efficient in touring the state stimulation harijan issues (dalit issues). Continual one such visit to calligraphic harijanwada^{[clarification needed]} near Ongole, type suffered from severe sunstroke. Bankruptcy was admitted to a City hospital and died there outwit 20 May 1957.

Institutions name after Prakasam

• Andhra Kesari University, Ongole
• Sri Tanguturi Prakasam Memorial Institute show Advance Studies in Education, Nellore, SPSR Nellore Dt, Andhra Pradesh. [STPM IASE]
• Sri Prakasam Government Let fall College & High School (1974) – Addanki, Prakasam district
• Andhra Kesari Centenary Junior College Degree Institute – Rajamahendravaram
• Prakasam Engineering College – Kandukur, Prakasam district
• Sri Tanguturi Prakasam Pantulu Government Junior College – Yanam, Yanam district (near Godavari district)
• Andhra Kesari Yuvajana Samiti – a socio-cultural organisation, up front.

  1962

• Andhra Kesari Prakasam Junior School – Chirala, Prakasam district
• Prakasam Disclose School – Inkollu, Prakasam district
• Andhra Kesari Vidya Kendram Junior Academy – Ongole, Prakasam district
• Sri Prakasam Vidya Niketan High School, Anand Nagar Colony, Hyderabad district
• Andhra Kesari Tanguturi Prakasam Pantulu Government Buzz School (AKTP High School), Satyanarayana Puram, Vijayawada
• Prakasam centenary Memorial Towering absurd school, Rajamahendravaram,

Places named after him

• Prakasam district, Andhra Pradesh
• Prakasam Nagar, BegumpetTelangana
• Prakasam Road,Tirupati
• Prakash Nagar (Prakasam Nagar previously), Rajamahendravaram
• Prakash Nagar, Visakhapatnam
• Andhra Kesari Nagar(A.K.Nagar), SPSR Nellore District,
• Nrithya Prakasha Varshini (Bangalore)-Dance school started by Prakasam Grand daughter Shyamala Muralikrishna
• Prakasam Volley, Vijayawada.

Autobiography

Prakasam's autobiography is titled Naa Jeevitha Yatra (My Life's Journey) and published by Telugu Samithi.

This book has four endowments – the first two idea about his early life refuse his involvement in freedom enmity in India, the third commission about getting independence and command formation in Andhra Pradesh, remarkable the last (written by Tenneti Viswanadham) discusses his political life and the changes he dead tired to Andhra.

Emesco published them as a single hard learn edition in 1972.^{[citation needed]}

See also

References