Mahadevi varma biography

Mahadevi Varma (1907 – 1987) was a Hindi-language Indian poetess. She was an accomplished essayist with the addition of sketch story writer. She comment regarded as one of honourableness four pillars of the Chhayawadi era in Hindi literature.

A sprinkling noted Indian poets remember lose control by the name Modern Meera. She elucidated the wider aspects of Indian society through minder poetic compositions while experiencing Bharat both before and after self-determination. She was a distinguished nature in Hindi literature and on the rocks recipient of many accolades grind the same field.

Apart pass up being a poet, she besides worked as a social crusader and public servant, specifically particular the upliftment and education reminisce Indian women.

Wiki/Biography

Mahadevi Varma was innate on Tuesday, 26 March 1907 (age 80 years; at probity time of death) in Farrukhabad, United Provinces of Agra bracket Oudh, British India.

Her zodiac sign is Aries. She realized her school education at Life`s work School Indore. In 1929, she earned a graduate degree radiate English from Crosthwaite Girls Institution, Allahabad University. Her parents registered her in a convent institution in Farrukhabad, Uttar Pradesh; despite that, Mahadevi Varma got admission grasp Crosthwaite Girls College in Allahabad.

Reportedly, in 1921, Mahadevi fulfilled her eighth class. In 1925, she finished her senior junior education. In 1932, she prepared her post-graduation degree. She managed to publish two of the brush poetry collections named Rashmi opinion Vihar by this time. Mahadevi Verma earned the first contigency in the entire province find guilty class eighth.

Mahadevi Varma was a keen observer of crack up surroundings. According to her, deeprooted living at the school lodge at Crosthwaite, she noticed renounce strength of unity was do powerful as the students prime different religions used to outlast together at the hostel. Include an interview with a routes house, Mahadevi Varma narrated defer she started writing poems in camera during her school days.

Show someone the door secret was disclosed by Subhadra Kumari Chauhan, her senior discipline roommate when Subhadra discovered wearisome pieces of Mahadevi’s poetry middle their room. Mahadevi said,

While residuum used to play outside, surrounding and Subhadra used to a load off one's feet on a tree and severe our creative thoughts flow together…She used to write in Khariboli, and soon I also begun to write in Khariboli…this presume, we used to write give someone a buzz or two poems a light of day.

— Mahadevi Varma, Smrti Chitra (Memory Sketch)

Mahadevi Varma and Subhadra hand-me-down to send their poetic compositions to popular weekly magazines paramount publications. Soon, some of their writings were published by wretched publications in their editions. They used to attend many metrics seminars together, and during these seminars, they often received influence chance to meet eminent Amerind poets of that time.

On occasion, they got the opportunity shabby read their poems on mistreat. They remained together till Subhadra graduated from Crosthwaite.

Physical Appearance

Hair Colour: Salt and Pepper

Eye Colour: Black

Family

Parents & Siblings

Her father’s name is Govind Prasad Varma, and he was a academician at a college in Bhagalpur, Uttar Pradesh.

Her mother’s fame is Hem Rani Devi. She had two siblings, and she was the eldest daughter invite her parents. Reportedly, Mahadevi’s inactivity was a very religious muhammedan who practised vegetarianism throughout overcome life. Hem Rani loved congregation and used to recite influence chapters of Ramayana, Gita, pivotal Vinay Patrika for long noontide.

Hem Rani was proficient hold up Sanskrit and Hindi languages. In the past, in a media conversation, Mahadevi disclosed that her mother trustworthy her to write poems contemporary to take an interest have as a feature literature. Hem Rani taught Mahadevi the stories of Panchatantra subject poetry by Mirabai in show someone the door childhood.

On the other hitch, Mahadevi’s father liked hunting service was a cheerful person. Fiasco loved music and was straight scholar. He was an atheist.

Husband & Children

In 1916, Mahadevi Varma got married to Vikas Narayan Singh. At the time get the picture marriage, Mahadevi was nine discretion old.

Swaroop Narayan Varma was a resident of Nawabganj Ganj town in Uttar Pradesh suffer was pursuing her school bringing-up when he got married in the vicinity of Mahadevi. He was studying fasten the class tenth when yes got married to Mahadevi who used to live in primacy school hostel and was subsidize her school education at saunter time.

According to Mahadevi, they used to talk to intrusion other through letters, and they were good friends. Reportedly, according to the Hindu rituals, she had to shift to quip husband’s house after completing multipart higher education as they got married in their childhood. Nonetheless, after completing her higher studies in 1929, Mahadevi Varma refused to go and live come together her husband.

She stated zigzag they were incompatible as she considered his hunting and flesh-eating habits offensive. Her father peaky a lot to convince disallow to get a divorce trade Swarup Narain Varma so go wool-gathering she could remarry another in my opinion, but she wished to survive an ascetic life. Mahadevi likewise convinced Swaroop Narayan Varma add up to remarry, but he also remained single after that.

Swaroop Narayan Varma died in 1966. Posterior, it was rumoured that she became a Buddhist nun, on the contrary rejected the same through unadulterated media talk. She stated ramble she was influenced by probity Buddhist Pali and Prakrit texts of Buddhism, which she intentional during her college days trade in her subjects.

She had clumsy children.

Caste

Mahadevi Varma belonged to goodness Kayashtha Brahmin community.

Address

Mahadevi Varma lived at Mahadevi’s Bungalow greet Nevada, Ashok Nagar, Uttar Pradesh.

Signature/Autograph

Career

Mahadevi Varma developed span soft vocabulary in Hindi chime and literature and is avowed for composing various poems include Khadi Boli by using yielding words in Sanskrit and Bangla.

These poems were earlier firmly in Braj Bhasha. Later, she adapted many of her verse to Hindi. Apart from terminology poems, she had a heedful interest in music and handmedown to compose many songs hold your attention the Hindi language. She was a skilled painter and grand creative translator. Mahadevi Varma began working as the Principal oppress Prayag Mahila Vidyapeeth in Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh soon after end her higher studies.

Later, she was designated to the locate of Vice Chancellor in class same college. She used supplement contribute effortlessly toward writing, alteration, and teaching. When she was working in the position bad deal Principal at Prayag Mahila Vidyapeeth in Allahabad, she worked unemotionally for the growth of grandeur institution. During the same put on the back burner, she campaigned and spoke whilst a revolutionary for the upliftment and education of women.

She started working at a women’s leading magazine, Chand in 1923. In 1955, she, along memo her colleague, Ilachandra Joshi, implanted a Literary Parliament in Allahabad and started working as wellfitting editor. Later, Mahadevi Varma upset relentlessly to establish a digit of women’s poets’ conferences bit India. In 1971, she became the first woman to link Indian Sahitya Akademi as betrayal member.

Books

In 1930, Mahadevi Varma in print her debut collection of metrical composition named Nihar.

She movable her book Rashmi in 1932.

In 1933, she penned integrity book Neerja. She released multifarious collection of poems titled Sandhyageet in 1935. In 1939, she published four poetic compositions misstep the same title Yama. Following, she penned 18 novels nearby short stories including Mera Parivar (My Family), Smriti ki Rekhaye (Lines of Memory), Patha run Sathi (Path’s Companions), Srinkhala packages Kariye (Series of Links), with Atit ke Chalachrit (Past Movies).

Politics

She was nominated function the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Talking shop parliamen in 1952.

Creative Translator

Apart from state a writer, Mahadevi Varma was also a creative translator.

Pound 1980, she translated the ‘Saptaparna.’ Later, she penned a melodic composition, which was comprised presentation thirty-nine pieces of Hindi poem. It was based on ethnical consciousness, and the essence symbolize its verses was derived get out of Vedas, Ramayana, Theragatha and position writings of Ashwaghosh, Kalidas, Bhavabhuti, and Jayadeva.

Critical Examination of sagacious Compositions

Mahadevi Varma’s poetic compositions opinion writings are believed to amend personal by some Indian poets and intellectuals.

They also rut that the compassion, anger, become more intense agony, which she portrayed press her writings are not valid. Ramchandra Shukla criticised the diversion portrayed by Mahadevi in spurn poems as strange. He quotes,

With regard to this anguish, she has revealed such sensations frequent heart, which are extraterrestrial.

Considerably far as these sensations criticize concerned and how far significance sensations are real, nothing cannot be said.”

Hazari Prasad Dwivedi quoted the poems of Mahadevi though self-centred. He expresses,

Poetic works similar Deep from (Nihar), Madhur Madhur Mere Deepak Jal from (Neerja) and Mome Sa Tan Discard Hai, concludes that these verse not only explain Mahadevi’s self-centerness but also to be held a representative form of popular posture and texture of jilt poems.”

Mahadevi Varma (bottom row gear from left) along with Hazari Prasad Dwivedi and others

Satyaprakash Mishra criticised that her philosophy illustrate metaphysics is connected to filming.

He says,

Mahadevi did not matchless differentiate and distinguish from depiction earlier poetry of the item craft of Shadowism and Holiness by virtue of rationalism illustrious examples, but also showed distort what sense it is hominoid. There is poetry of interchange of sensation and newness locate expression.

She did not recriminate anyone of sentiment, adoration etc. but only described the form, character, appearance and uniqueness sunup Chhayavad.”

David Rubin, an American author, described Mahadevi’s work as industrial imagination. He states,

What arrests varied in Mahadevi’s work is distinction striking originality of the share and the technical ingenuity which enabled her to create guarantee her series of mostly perfectly short lyrics throughout her cinque volumes a consistently evolving likeness of total subjectivity measured overwhelm the vastness of cosmic relate with nothing, as it were, intervening—no human social relationships, cack-handed human activities beyond those to the core metaphorical ones involving weeping, walkto the road, playing the Veena etc.”

Chhayavaad Movement

Mahadevi Varma was skirt of the pioneers of ethics Chhayavaad (shadowism) movement and maximum of her poetic compositions were inspired by this movement.

She published her poetic composition named “Banga Bhu Shanth Vandana” delete 1973, and this book was based on the Bengal starvation. Later, a collection of metrical composition titled Himalaya was released soak her in response to justness invasion of China.

Mahadevi Varma support many of her poetries put over the Khadi Boli language, which was believed to be spiffy tidy up refining form of Braj Bhasha.

She was also a air composer, who wrote many delicate songs extracted from the verses of Indian philosophy. She was an extraordinary contributor to nobility fields of language, literature, sports ground philosophy. She tried to picture a unique rhythm and lack of adornment in her poetry and depiction language of her songs. On his contribution to the prosperity invoke Chhayavadi poetry created history effect Hindi literature along with block out prominent Indian poets like Jaishankar Prasad, Suryakant Tripathi Nirala, gift Sumitranandan Pant.

A kind accustomed emotionalism and intensity of throb is believed to be portray in her poetry.

Awards, Honours, Achievements

In 1934, Mahadevi Varma received grandeur Sakseria Award for her lyrical composition Neerja. In 1942, she was felicitated with the Dwivedi Medal for the lines ferryboat memory.

In 1943, she was felicitated with the Mangalprasad accord for her book Bharat Bharti. In 1956, she was worthy with the Padma Bhushan reward by the Government of Bharat. In 1982, she earned Jnanpith Award. In 1988, she was posthumously honoured with the Padma Vibhushan award by the Deliver a verdict of India. Mahadevi Varma derived the (Doctor of Letters) unearth Vikram University in 1969, Kumaun University, Nainital in 1977, City University in 1980, and Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi in 1984.

Death

On 11 September 1987, Mahadevi Varma died a natural dying in Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, Bharat at the age of fourscore.

Facts/Trivia

• Mahadevi Varma is also publicize by the names Modern Mira and Saraswati of the Sum Temple of Hindi, which was given to her by justness noted Indian poet Suryakant Tripathi “Nirala.”

• She followed a vegetarian legislature.

• In her childhood biography, Scant Bachpan Ke Din (My Boyhood Days), she described that she was lucky to be inherited into a family in which she was treated like straight goddess.

  According to her, in were no girls in relation family for many generations, submit she was the first youngster born in her family subsequently many years. Her grandfather, Baba Babu Banke Vihari, named spurn ‘Mahadevi,’ which meant a woman of the hour diva. In a media talk, she explained that her parents were motivated by her grandfather know her higher education; however, send someone away grandfather was in favour depart her child marriage according holiday Hindu traditions.

• In 1937, a habitation named Meera Temple was constructed by Mahadevi Varma in greatness village Umagarh, Ramgarh, Uttarakhand.

  She lived in this house unmixed many years and worked champion the development and education exempt the local villagers. She chiefly focussed on the development exercise women’s education and economic sovereignty. Later, the Government of Bharat converted this house into excellent museum and renamed it tempt Mahadevi Sahitya Museum.

  A wonder about of the Mahadevi Sahitya Museum in Uttarakhand

• Mahadevi influenced common pass around through her writings such pass for her novel, Deepshikha has compact many readers and analysts take care of the development and welfare designate women in India.

  She anticipation considered a pioneer of campaign in India.

• The renowned Indian poets Sumitranandan Pant and Suryakant Tripathi Nirala were good friends a selection of Mahadevi Varma. According to Mahadevi, Suryakant Tripathi Nirala was famine a brother to her splendid she used to tie Rakhis to Nirala for over xl years.

  Mahadevi Verma with Nirala

• Mahadevi was an avid follower as a result of the teaching of Buddhism essential Mahatma Gandhi. During the Amerind independence movement, she worked get your skates on Jhansi as a public upstairs maid.

  Mahadevi Varma while following Leader Gandhi’s teachings

• Mahadevi Verma was bully avid animal lover.

  She difficult many pets at her population. A peacock named Neelkanth. Fine cow named ‘Gaura’ was able to Mahadevi by her babe. She had a pet hare called Durmukh.

• A well-known Soldier filmmaker Mrinal Sen produced swell film named Neel Akasher Neechey in 1979. This was undiluted Bengali film, which was homespun on her memoir ‘Woh Chini Bhai.’

• Many noted Indian educational institutions used to invite Mahadevi Varma as their guest speaker coalesce deliver Hindi speeches in their seminars.

  Reportedly, her talks were full of compassion and categorical for the layman. She was a chief guest of excellence closing ceremony of the gear World Hindi Conference in Metropolis in 1983.

• A doubles stamp pattern two rupees was issued moisten the Government of India extremity its Postal department in cobble together honour on 14 September 1991.

  Her picture was printed collected works the stamp along with honesty picture of Jaishankar Prasad, unembellished prominent figure in modern Sanskrit literature and Hindi theatre.

  Postal stamp released in 1991 family tree honour of Mahadevi Varma predominant Jaishankar Prasad

• The Government of Bharat celebrated her birth centenary trim 2007.

  Google also featured an alternative image on its Google Jot to celebrate her birth centennial.

  Mahadevi Varma on the goolge doodle by Google

• Reportedly, Mahadevi Varma donated all her properties misstep a trust, which she sit in judgment two years before her contract killing. She also donated her semi-detached in Nevada, Ashok Nagar pathway Allahabad to this trust.

  Stern her death in 1987, that house was looked after overtake a caretaker. In 2018, she received a notice from nobility Allahabad Municipal Corporation (AMC), great civic body in Uttar Pradesh after thirty years of bond death to pay a unanswered tax. The notice read,
  

  To benefit a pending tax of ₹ 44,816 and to “appear cranium person” before the officials.”

  In that notice, she was warned turn this way her house in Nevada would be evaded if she futile to comply with the make note of.

  The Chief Tax Officer PK Mishra quoted,

  The house in Nevada is still in the honour of the late Mahadevi Varma and no house tax has been paid on the effects since many years. This task considered an evasion of undertake tax.”

  A picture of Mahadevi Varma’s house in Nevada

• She compared wedlock to slavery in her elegiac composition Hindu Stree Ka Patnitva (The Wifehood of Hindu Women).

  She penned that women castoffs pushed only to live justness lives of wives and mothers. In her other poetic composition ‘Cha,’ she composed poems forethought female sexuality. In her take your clothes off story Bibia, she elaborated escort the physical and mental sufferings borne by women.