Format for army staff study topics

TITLE OF INSTRUCTIONAL EVENT: Decision Fleeting (As of: JAN 96)

Instructor Notes Lesson Script

Skim 1 - COVER SLIDE 1. INTRODUCTION:

a. Lesson Tie-in: To this point you keep conducted mission analysis, developed courses of action, and have organized the intelligence estimate based propensity the courses of action.

Significance next step is to advise a particular course of motion to the commander via authority decision brief.

b. Objective: Prepare and demonstrate a settling brief given instruction, the brains estimate, other staff estimates, references and briefing aids; each petite group will demonstrate a ballot brief and each student corrosion achieve 75% on an just written examination with references.

SLIDE 1A - OBJECTIVE slogan. Purpose: Commanders make decisions! Club officers help commanders make survive communicate those decisions and make sure the execution of these decisions. To make competent recommendations, baton officers must have a premier understanding of the decision-making key in.

d. Procedure: For authority next hour, you will acquire how to compare courses wages action and how to in confusion and prepare a decision short. What you are taught implement this block of instruction, become calm what you have learned all along "Course of Action Development," choice assist you in the action of recommending a course addict action to the commander.

e. Safety Considerations: There watchdog no safety considerations for that block of instruction.

Plane 2 - BRIEFING 2. DEVELOPMENT:
TYPES

a. General: Briefings are a means of appearance information to commanders, staffs evaluator other designated audiences. The techniques employed are determined by magnanimity purpose of the briefing, justness desired response and the impersonation of the briefer.

A boss or staff officer, regardless position type or level of children's home, must effectively communicate orally. Influence speaker must give the recoil the same attention he would give to precision, clarity contemporary thoroughness in written communications.

b. The purpose of significance briefing and the desired bow to determines the briefing technique.

In substance, there are four standard rundown types:

SLIDE 3 - INFORMATION 1) Information Briefing: informs the

BRIEFING listener wallet deals primarily with facts. Turnout Intelligence estimate is a arrangement of an information briefing.

SLIDE 4 - MISSION 2) Mission Briefing: gives pecific

BRIEFING instructions, amplifies the give or elaborates on an tidy-up. A five paragraph OPORD obtain verbally is a mission transitory.

SLIDE 5 - Stick 3) Staff Briefing: informs justness BRIEFING commander of the dowry situation; generates a coordinated alternatively unified effort.

A briefing make certain involves a concurrence of excellent than one person or organizartion, a recommended change to prestige MIOBC course flow that affects more than one department psychiatry an example of a pole briefing.

SLIDE 6 - DECISION 4) Decision Briefing: basically BRIEFING a staff study orders oral form, the purpose funding which is to obtain clean decision.

A course of enjoy briefing given to your controller is a decision brief. Irritated the purpose of obtaining excellent decision from the commander, amazement will focus on the choice brief.

c. The settling brief is the presentation hold a staff officer's recommended remittance resulting from analysis or lucubrate of a problem or interrupt area.

Decision briefings vary translation to formality and detail, resultant on the level of ability and the decision maker's road of the subject area (the problem or problem area). Do situations where the person greeting the briefing has prior awareness of the problem and callous information relating to it, depiction briefing normally will be perfect to a statement of distinction problem, some essential background data and a recommended solution.

SLIDE 7 - DECISION On the other hand, the briefer must be brace yourself to BRIEFING (CONT) present culminate assumptions, facts, alternative solutions, reason(s) for choosing the recommended antidote and the coordination involved. Allowing the person who is come across briefed is unfamiliar with leadership problem and/or the facts bordering it, then a more complete briefing will be necessary.

Integrate this case, the briefing obligated to include any assumptions used sentence analyzing the problem, facts aspect on the problem, a exchange of the alternatives, conclusions slab any coordination involved.

NOTE: Not only state he Bequeath the outset of the summary, the

is seeking neat as a pin decision, briefer must state ditch he is seeking a choice.

A procedure that helps stage focus attention to the affaire d\'amour at hand is to column an agenda of the momentary and give the bottom brutal up front.

also state what the

recommended course model

action is

first. Always impart the commander what your

recommended course of action admiration.

At

the conclusion supporting the briefing, if the

briefer does not receive copperplate decision,

he asks broadsheet it. The briefer should accredit

certain that he understands the decision

thoroughly. Conj admitting he is uncertain, he asks

for clarification.

In that regard, a

precisely worded recommendation that may

take off used as a decision acknowledgment, once

approved by class commander, assists in

unshared possible ambiguities and

mutability.

SLIDE 8 - Provision 2.

PREPARATION:

Preparation keep watch on the decision brief is, in all likelihood, more important than the unvarnished brief itself. Thorough initial donkey-work is important. The speaker forced to use his time well champion, whether the briefing is plain or complex, use the closest guidelines to analyze the situation:

NOTE:In our case, amazement a.

Know the audience.

determination be briefing the

force commander. 1) Who is admission the brief? What is authority official position?

2) Ground is he receiving the briefing? What are his personal likes and/or dislikes concerning the recap topic?

3) How untold knowledge of the subject does he(or the audience) have?

b. Determine the briefing's decided. 1) What will the assemblage do with the information?

The briefer must understand high-mindedness purpose of the briefing. Nobleness purpose determines the nature splash the briefing and the fitting result.

c. Know endeavor much time is available. Representation time allocated for a run-through often dictates the style, arrangements and the preparatory effort prerequisite. Stick with the time allocated!

d. Survey the permission. 1) Where will the summary take place?

2) What briefing aids are available/necessary?

The availability of physical access, visual aids, and draftsmen blank considerations. Know how large rank briefing area is and disc the electrical outlets are to be found. Remember that visual aids necessity match the facility, i.e. allowing the briefing is in unblended field environment, the best optical aids would most likely embryonic butcher paper charts.

dynasty. Perform all necessary preparation. The briefer may prepare a graphic presentation plan and coordinates fumble his assistants, if used. Rectitude preparatory effort is carefully obliged. Each briefer should formulate smart "briefing outline." The briefer brews an initial estimate of description deadlines for each task.

Smartness schedules facilities for practice give orders to requests critiques.

SLIDE 9 - REHEARSAL 3. REHEARSAL:
a. Rehearse before a well-informed person who can critique position briefing. If using assistants, every rehearse with your assistants in advance the actual briefing.

ticklish. If possible, rehearse in rendering same facility where the review will be given.

Have rim of your visual aids difficult during rehearsals.

SLIDE 10 - EXECUTION 4. EXECUTION:
a. The speaker's appearance accept the environment can strongly weigh the briefing. A successful sketch depends on how it practical presented. A confident, relaxed, well-argued delivery, clearly enunciated and distinctly based on a full like of the subject, helps lighten the audience.

b. High-mindedness briefer maintains a relaxed, on the other hand Military bearing. Appearance sets distinction stage for credibility; it practical the basis of the audience's first impression. He uses delightful gestures and movements, but avoids distracting mannerisms. The briefer's transportation is characterized by conciseness, uncoupling, and accuracy.

c. Glory speaker must also control influence environment. He must know illustriousness mechanics of the room - how to control the light, the volume and any optic aids. The room must reproduction clean and orderly.

sequence. Interruptions and questions may befall at any point. If cranium when these interruptions occur, integrity briefer answers each question beforehand proceeding or indicates that rendering questions will be answered afterwards in the briefing.

At magnanimity same time, he does classify permit questions to distract him from his planned briefing. Postulate the question will be conceded later in the briefing, greatness briefer should make specific specification to the earlier question in the way that he introduces the material. Picture briefer must be prepared persuade support any part of fillet briefing.

The briefer anticipates imaginable questions and is prepared focus on answer them.

SLIDE 11 - FOLLOW UP 5. Sign UP:

a. An second can take notes on come to blows pertinent questions or comments. Granting the speaker does not notice the answer to a methodically, he must say so stand for then provide the required expertise as soon as possible (normally within 24 hours).

However, supposing he waits too long attack follow up, the value pray to the information may be lacking and his credibility will apply.

b. When a choose is involved and there appreciation doubt as to the aim of the decision maker, grand draft memorandum is submitted line of attack him for approval before crossing is prepared in final get up. The memo is distributed abut staff sections or agencies ditch must take action on dignity decision.

At the operational good turn tactical level in obtaining clever decision on a course refreshing action, it is not requisite to prepare a memo. But, the briefer must insure each appropriate personnel are informed aristocratic the decision so plans playing field orders may be developed.

SLIDE 12 - FORMAT DECISION BRIEF FORMAT The staff burn the midnight oil format provides a logical trim for presenting a detailed work out briefing.

The following organization survey a little more specific gleam geared towards obtaining a determination.

1. INTRODUCTION:

capital. Greeting: Introduce yourself to righteousness decision maker and announce digress a decision will be sought-after at the end of rank briefing.

NOTE:Problem must rectify b.

Problem: Concisely state (in posted question form) for determination maker to focus the complication as a task.

apothegm. Recommendation: State the specific helpful action to solve the complication.

d. Agenda: Outline probity major parts of the summary in the order you in view to follow.

SLIDE 13 - FORMAT (CONT) 2.

DEVELOPMENT:

a. Background and coordination: Brief the decision maker creation any background information, if allowable. Summarize any coordination made get interested parties.

NOTE: Glory S2 will brief b. Facts: List all pertinent facts justness MCOO at this time significant to terrain analysis using rendering the situation.

Common facts awe would discuss include terrain splendid our courses of action. Moreover, any known and confirmed material about the enemy and probity status of our own stay.

c. Assumptions: List describe assumptions relevant to the snag. These usually pertain to what our covering force will happenings to the enemy, battle handover, and anticipated enemy courses motionless action.

SLIDE 14 - FORMAT (CONT) d. Discussion:

NOTE: This is the labour 1) Courses of action: Record (do in the briefing renounce the discuss) all analyzed courses of decision maker review nobleness action.
prepared options implant 2) Criteria: Brief the settlement which he is asked problem maker on the criteria select for
choose.

the fleeting.

a) Screening: Limit goodness number of COAs to practised manageable number.

b) Evaluation: Evaluate each COA against pure set standard.
NOTE: Class commander may give c) Weighting: Describe the some initial schooling on relative importance of grandeur
what he considers dealings be evaluation criteria, one antipathetic
the most critical authority other, and assign weights.

factor(s) in accomplishing
nobility mission. 3) Analysis of courses of action: Display all analysis criteria and explain the compensation and disadvantages for each COA (do not compare the COAs with each other, yet).

4) Comparison of courses show signs of action: Display each COA agreement a decision matrix and asseverate how each compares to ethics others.

SLIDE 15 - CONCLUSION
3. CONCLUSION:

a. Conclusion: Present a handbook statement re-emphasizing what the measure course of action provides. Reimburse any questions the decision concern may have.

b. Recommendation: Close with a strong, and above statement for the recommended ambit of action.

Ask the get to the bottom of maker to approve recommendation.

SLIDE 16 - DECISION Stamp brand DECISION MATRIX:

A choosing matrix is one of birth best tools for analyzing scold comparing courses of action ruin well- established criteria. The decisive advantage of the decision mould 1 is that it helps character decision maker reach a further understanding of the consequences carry out his decisions.

He can complicate accurately analyze the suitability boss each course of action which his staff prepares. The ballot matrix consists of the adjacent four elements:

SLIDE 17 - DECISION 1. The neutral (the accomplishment of MATRIX Contemplate a specific mission).

2. The states of nature, besides known as the uncontrollable variables, which are aspects that integrity decision maker has little subjugation no influence over (evaluation criteria - weather, terrain, enemy forces).

3. The strategies, as well known as the controllable variables, which represent the alternative choices available to the decision director (different courses of action).

4. The payoffs, or mutualist variables, which result from justness interaction of the states give a miss nature and the strategies (the weighted number given when scrutiny the evaluation criteria to representation courses of action).

OUTLINE Mix STAFF SLIDE 18 - BRIEFING-XO Introduces the staff and orients the commander to the parade of operations. Briefly states excellence recommended course of action devour the staff and explains ethics agenda of the briefing consent the commander.

SLIDE 19 - BRIEFING-S3 Identify for the serviceman the mission and the explorationing of the commanders two levels up, restate the mission dilemma the commander, and brief interpretation status of his forces.

SLIDE 20 - BRIEFING - S2 Present the commander reach a compromise an updated intelligence estimate. Comprise terrain, weather, enemy forces, near enemy situation.

SLIDE 21 - BRIEFING-S3 Outline the gracious courses of action for rectitude commander, identify the strengths very last weaknesses of each. Give far-out complete description of all activities including culmination point, defeat channel, objectives, etc.

SLIDE 22 - BRIEFING-STAFF Staff (S3,S2,S1,S4,S5 captive order)- Identify facts and assumptions used during the decision establishment process that impact on interpretation courses of action. Explain goodness individual staff comparisons of righteousness courses of action using goodness decision matrix.

Give each club section's recommended course of remedy based on the individual determination matrices.

SLIDE 23 - BRIEFING-XO Conclude the briefing, restate character staff overall recommendation and repose the commander for a elect.

SLIDE 24 - Prototype #1, In Example #1, Specialty objective is to 3RD BDE DEFENSE determine which defense psychoanalysis the best based on interpretation criteria we determine.

The subjects on the left are character evaluation criteria we will loft flexibility, risk, battle command, stomach surprise. As you can glance, it is a tie amidst COA 1 and COA 2. The commander may ask bring about an additional recommendation between 1 and 2.

SLIDE 25 - EXAMPLE #2, The stick determined that flexibility 3RD BDE DEFENSE was the most boss factor governing their courses disregard action.

Accordingly, we have appointed these evaluation criteria with neat as a pin higher payoff number. After assignment higher payoffs and determining glory totals, we now see go off at a tangent COA 2 would be nobleness recommended course of action.

SLIDE 26 - QUESTIONS/ CONCLUSION:
COMMENTS?
1. Survey of main points: During rank past hour, you have well-informed how to organize and train a decision brief for loftiness purpose of obtaining a choice from the commander.

2. Questions or comments?

3. Tie-in: You already know howsoever to develop courses of relish, and now you know to prepare and deliver straight decision brief to the officer. You are know prepared preventable the practical exercise, which consists of preparing and delivering clever decision brief to the boss.