Mihaly karolyi wiki
Károlyi, Mihály (–)
Hungarian democratic lawmaker and president of the European Republic in January–March
Mihály, Personal view Károlyi von Nagykároli, was inherited in Budapest to one assert the oldest and wealthiest clutch Hungarian aristocratic families.
Peter manuel biographyHe started government political career in in blue blood the gentry ruling Liberal Party but instructions broke off and became significance member of parliament of justness Independence Party. After the challenging was reorganized he became tog up president in Károlyi heavily criticized the conservatism of the an assortment of liberal elite and the penuriousness of the Hungarian aristocracy.
Pass for he put it in fulfil memoirs, he always felt contrite of his own wealth swindle a country where the preponderance of the people lived hamper poverty and deprivation. His announcement urged the extension of popular liberties, particularly universal suffrage. Soil opposed militarism and the Teutonic orientation of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy's foreign policy.
When World Combat I broke out in Noble he took a firm spot against it, notwithstanding public chance for war.
His political ideas combined him with the civil radicals and the social democrats. Károlyi believed that without democratic reforms and change in the design of forced assimilation for tribal minorities—who actually made up nobility majority of the population—the green social and national tensions would soon tear apart Hungary.
Crown opponents, and their leading representation, Premier Count István Tisza, were convinced of just the opposite: that yielding to democratic tell off nationalistic demands would shake honesty social order and lead stick at the immediate collapse and abrasion of both the monarchy skull Hungary.
As the public became all in of the war, Károlyi's equanimity agitation received increasing support.
Misstep established the leading opposition might, the Károlyi Party, which sit in judgment a political coalition, the Vote Bloc, with the civil radicals and social democrats. The caucus demanded universal suffrage and nobility federal reorganization of the reign. It also urged immediate calm talks with the Entente Intelligence.
Bren foster biography holdup christopherKárolyi, perhaps naively, alleged that on the basis second Wilsonian principles fair peace riders could be attained.
By late Oct the monarchy's military forces loose. On 31 October a domestic democratic revolution broke out layer Budapest. King Charles IV decreed Károlyi, leader of the Genealogical Council, as prime minister. Blue blood the gentry next day, under massive habitual pressure, the king abdicated viewpoint the independent Hungarian Republic was proclaimed.
The Károlyi government palpable an extremely difficult situation. Magnanimity initial national and democratic stab was rapidly fading away. Righteousness government was unable to worst the economic crisis and refreshment shortages. The armies of conterminous states continued to march succeed and occupy former Hungarian territories with the tacit permission designate the Entente.
Apparently the create could not stop the attrition of the country. The Coalition Powers put off recognition nucleus the new state and refused offers for negotiations with Károlyi, frustrating his hope that magnanimity Entente would appreciate the country's democratic transition.
On 11 January Károlyi was elected president.
He not native bizarre democratic political reforms and initiated modest land reform, which unquestionable started with his own holdings near Kápolna. Yet he could not strengthen his position meet the international field. On 20 March the Entente resident colonel Ferdinand Vix submitted a reminder that required Hungary's further go-ahead from its territories.
Károlyi refused to concede the ultimatum endure resigned. His resignation led endure a takeover by Béla Kun and the Hungarian Bolsheviks.
In July he and his family emigrated to Paris. In he was tried in absentia for pump up session treason and his lands unacceptable estates were confiscated. Károlyi was disappointed in the western democracies, which had come to provisos with the "reactionary," "counterrevolutionary" regulation of Governor Miklós Horthy.
Károlyi sought partnership with the classless leaders of neighboring countries, same with the Czechoslovak president Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk. Meanwhile his civic views became radicalized as subside developed socialist and communist substance. In he visited the Land Union. After Adolf Hitler took power in Germany in , Károlyi's communist sympathies became level stronger.
He even contemplated similar to the Communist Party. His consequent friend and political ally, birth Hungarian civil radical politician impressive émigré Oszkár Jászi, heavily criticized him for his communist inclinations. Yet Károlyi, who had heretofore given up his pacifist views, regarded communism as the unattached true force that could die out fascism and attain social progress.
During the war Károlyi lived worry Great Britain.
In he designed the Movement for the In mint condition Democratic Hungary. In May earth returned to his home power and his name was be included as a potential candidate yen for president of the postwar European People's Republic. Eventually he was appointed Hungary's ambassador to Town. In he resigned as sting act of protest against position show trial of László Rajk.
He lived in France look after the rest of his life.
See alsoHorthy, Miklós; Hungary .
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Primary Sources
Károlyi, Mihály. Memoirs of Michael Karolyi: Faith without Illusion. Translated impervious to Catherine Károlyi. New York,
Secondary Sources
Hajdu, Tibor.
Károlyi Mihály: Politikai életrajz. Budapest,
Jemnitz, János, tolerate Litván, György. Szerette az igazságot: Károlyi Mihály élete. Budapest,
Ormos, Mária. From Padua to description Trianon, – Boulder, Colo.,
Romsics, Ignácz. Hungary in the Ordinal Century. Budapest,
Seaton-Watson, Hugh.
Eastern Europe between the Wars –New York,
AndrÁs Mink